據(jù)阿拉伯貿(mào)易網(wǎng)11月16日沙姆沙伊赫?qǐng)?bào)道， 世界銀行集團(tuán)創(chuàng)建了“氫能發(fā)展伙伴關(guān)系”(H4D)，這是一項(xiàng)新的全球倡議，旨在促進(jìn)發(fā)展中國(guó)家使用低碳?xì)淠堋＿@一消息是在11月15日COP27能源日上宣布的。

H4D將有助于催化未來(lái)幾年氫能投資的重大融資，包括來(lái)自公共和私人來(lái)源的融資。這個(gè)伙伴關(guān)系將促進(jìn)能力建設(shè)和監(jiān)管解決方案、商業(yè)模式和技術(shù)，以便在發(fā)展中國(guó)家推廣低碳?xì)錃狻?/span>

通過(guò)H4D，發(fā)展中國(guó)家將進(jìn)一步獲得優(yōu)惠融資和技術(shù)援助，以擴(kuò)大氫能項(xiàng)目的規(guī)模。

重要的角色

世界銀行集團(tuán)總裁David Malpass說(shuō)：“低碳?xì)錃饪梢栽趯で蠹涌烨鍧嵞茉崔D(zhuǎn)型的國(guó)家中發(fā)揮重要作用。” “我們新的氫能伙伴關(guān)系將使發(fā)展中國(guó)家能夠準(zhǔn)備低碳?xì)錃忭?xiàng)目，在降低排放的同時(shí)提高其人民的能源安全和抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力。”

低碳?xì)錃鉃橹毓I(yè)的脫碳提供了一個(gè)解決方案，這些重工業(yè)的二氧化碳排放量占全球的25%以上，目前還沒(méi)有化石燃料的可行替代品。低成本、低碳的氫燃料可以成為柴油運(yùn)輸?shù)目尚刑娲贰?氫氣也有可能提供長(zhǎng)期的能源儲(chǔ)存選擇，并提高可再生能源的可靠性，如太陽(yáng)能光伏和風(fēng)能。

出口收入  

對(duì)于低收入和中等收入國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)，低碳?xì)錃庥锌赡墚a(chǎn)生出口收入，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)附加值的出口部門(mén)，為熟練工人創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，并有助于促進(jìn)糧食安全，因?yàn)闅錃饪捎糜谏a(chǎn)化肥的關(guān)鍵成分氨。它還可以產(chǎn)生滿足當(dāng)?shù)匦枨蟮哪茉茨芰Γ閲?guó)內(nèi)制造業(yè)和冶煉部門(mén)脫碳，并為偏遠(yuǎn)人口提供能源。

由世界銀行能源部門(mén)管理援助方案(ESMAP)主持的H4D伙伴關(guān)系的主要活動(dòng)將包括： 

* 召集國(guó)際合作，為發(fā)展中國(guó)家增加低碳?xì)錃饧夹g(shù)的知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)；  

* 通過(guò)遵循全球公共產(chǎn)品方針建設(shè)能力；  

* 了解新興市場(chǎng)和私營(yíng)部門(mén)對(duì)部署低碳?xì)錃饧捌溲苌返囊螅? 

* 為創(chuàng)新和新技術(shù)的曝光度創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)；  

* 就在各國(guó)部署低碳?xì)淠茉撮_(kāi)展政策對(duì)話；  

* 促進(jìn)與私營(yíng)部門(mén)合作伙伴在清潔氫氣項(xiàng)目方面的合作。 

李峻 編譯自 阿拉伯貿(mào)易網(wǎng)

原文如下：

World Bank Group creates global low-carbon hydrogen tie-up

The World Bank Group has created the Hydrogen for Development Partnership (H4D), a new global initiative to boost the deployment of low-carbon hydrogen in developing countries. The announcement was made on November 15, Energy Day, at COP27.

H4D will help catalyse significant financing for hydrogen investments in the next few years, both from public and private sources. The partnership will foster capacity building and regulatory solutions, business models, and technologies toward the roll out of low-carbon hydrogen in developing countries. 

Through H4D, developing countries will gain further access to concessional financing and technical assistance to scale up hydrogen projects. 

Significant role

“Low-carbon hydrogen can have a significant role in countries seeking to accelerate their clean energy transition,” said David Malpass, President of the World Bank Group. “Our new hydrogen partnership will enable developing countries to prepare low-carbon hydrogen projects and boost energy security and resilience for their people while lowering emissions.”

Low-carbon hydrogen offers a solution to decarbonise heavy industries that produce more than 25% of global CO2 emissions, for which there is presently no viable alternative to fossil fuels. Low-cost, low-carbon hydrogen fuel can become a viable replacement for diesel in transportation. Hydrogen also has the potential to provide long-term energy storage options and bolster the reliability of renewable energies with variable outputs, like solar photovoltaics and wind. 

Export revenues

For low- and middle-income countries, low-carbon hydrogen has the potential to generate export revenues, creating a value-added export sector that generates jobs for skilled labour and helps promote food security, since hydrogen can be used to produce ammonia, a key component of fertilisers.? It can also generate energy capacity to meet local needs, including decarbonising in-country manufacturing and smelting sectors, and provide energy access to remote populations. 

The main activities of the H4D partnership, to be hosted in the Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme (ESMAP) of the World Bank, will include: 

*Convening international cooperation to increase the knowledge base in low-carbon hydrogen technologies for developing countries. 

*Building capacities by following a global public goods approach. 

*Understanding requirements from emerging markets and the private sector for the deployment of low-carbon hydrogen and its derivatives. 

*Creating opportunities to inform innovation and for new technologies to gain visibility. 

*Generating policy dialogue on enabling the deployment of low-carbon hydrogen across countries. 

*Fostering collaboration with private sector partners for clean hydrogen projects.